In Norway national government ties up the funding of urban development in the so-called urban packages (bypakker). As an example the “bypakke” for the Grenland area in southern Norway looks a tying issues such as mobility, climate change, urban sprawl, attracting highly skilled workforce. This is done by funnelling revenue from road tolls into development projects. In itself road tolls would be expected to fund themselves but by bundling different agendas together, it might be easier to get backing for different initiatives.
Part of this objective is to reduce travel and concentrate abodes in city centres – building denser neighbourhoods and reducing urban sprawl. On a wider scale the outcomes of the urban package is linked to the UN development goals.
With development initiatives there is always nimbyism. By bundling the connectivity issues to property development it is more difficult to be against these projects as a whole. One
Let us know if you are aware of similar “policy packages” in other urban areas.
More information (in Norwegian) can be found here: https://bypakka.no/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Bystrategi-Grenland-2024-2035_mai-2024.pdf